During the second half of the sixth century, the diaconicon was remodeled to house a baptistery. distance from capernaum to gerasenes. The structure itself consists of two parts. From the point where the Jordan enters in the North to its exit in the South is about 13 miles. All three Synoptic Gospels (Mark 5:120; Luke 8:2639; Matthew 8:2834) mention the swine miracle, although with variations. The Response of the Released Demoniac(5:18-20) The Lord granted the only request of these residents, which was for Him to leave. A steamer plies on the sea between the station at Semakh and Tiberias. (St. Matt. In the middle of the eighth century, probably as a result of the disastrous earthquake of 746/747, the monastery was destroyed. Brill, 19942000), 204. The substitution of sin for cad is easy: but the insertion of the guttural `ain is impossible. gad'-a-ra (Gadara):1. So at least that part of the story adds up the pigs could have run into the lake from Gadaras territory. App., 11).)2. There are several actions that could trigger this block including submitting a certain word or phrase, a SQL command or malformed data. At the center is a large prayer hall in the form of a basilica. Jesus gives Kingdom illustrations. We discovered these images when we lifted the columns and reopened the blocked doorways. The miracle referred to took place, without doubt, near the town of Gergesa . Matthew, using Mark as a source for his own gospel, appears to have been aware of this geographic difficulty. From Mount Tabor to Capernaum: Step 27: From Caperaum to Nain: Step 28: From Nain to the second Galilean preaching tour: Step 29: From the second Galilean preaching tour to the country of Gerasenes: Step 30: From he country of Gerasenes to Capernaum: Step 31: From Capernaum to Jerusalem: Step 32: From Jerusalem to Nazareth: Step 33 At this time the residential area was clustered around the church, and most of the former residential quarters were left unrepaired and unsettled. Gerasa, one of the cities of Decapolis and the capital of the country of the Gerasenes, lay around 37 miles/60 kilometres away from the Sea of Galilee in what is today the city of Jerash in Jordan.3The country of the Gerasenes did not reach the Sea of Galilee (an important point that we'll get to in a bit). Jerash, ancient Gerasa Judas of Gamala (Ant., XVIII, i, l) is also called Judas of Galilee (ibid., i, 6). Mark 8:22 He came to Bethsaida. To the Galilee flocked not only pilgrims, but also monks and scholars, searching for the places that Jesus had known. The house of Andrew and Peter seems to have been not far from the synagogue in Capernaum (Matthew 8:14 Mark 1:29, etc.). Storms:The position of the lake makes it liable to sudden storms, the cool air from the uplands rushing down the gorges with great violence and tossing the waters in tumultuous billows. Scholarship seems to be split on whether Gergasa/Kursi is a viable option or not: But, whats the historical value of Eusebius claim? If you know the geography of the Sea of Galilee at all, its almost entirely surrounded by hills, some of them pretty steep. All Im able to say with any confidence is that Matthew felt compelled to change the location of the pigs. Mark 1:16 Passing along by the sea of Galilee, he saw Simon and Andrew the brother of Simon casting a net into the sea, for they were fishermen. So, Im kinda dependent on lexicons to tell me whats what. Heres where Matthew locates the pigs: Mt 8:30 Now a large herd of swine was feeding at some distance from them. 6.211. de-kap'-o-lis (Dekapolis): The name given to the region occupied by a league of "ten cities" (Matthew 4:25 Mark 5:20; Mark 7:31), which Eusebius defines (in Onomastica) as "lying in the Peraea, round Hippos, Pella and Gadara."Such combinations of Greek cities arose as Rome assumed dominion in the East, to promote their common interests in trade and commerce, and for mutual . Want of precision on topographical points, therefore, need not surprise us. We may assume that the cities named in the Gospels were mainly Jewish. II, ix, 1). The lake and mountains are, in main outline, such as His eyes beheld. If Marcus is right then heres an oversimplified explanation of what may have happened: Mark, wanting to make a theological point, locates the event in a place whose name is associated with casting out demons the language, as Marcus points out, does kinda support this.21 This strengthens the exorcism theme of the pericope seems legit. Important Roman remains have recently been discovered here. From the late fifth to the early seventh centuries, all four sides of the compound had entrances. Geographically its certainly a better fit than Gerasa or Gadara. Gerasa and Gadara are accounted for in historical accounts (by writers such as Pliny the Elder and Josephus) and by archaeological research. Galilee is one of the USA city. According to Luke 3:23, Jesus was about thirty years old (quite old in those days) when he began his ministry. 4:1-34. He gave it a free constitution. GENNESARET, lake of, same as Tiberias, sea of. to Capernaum, to Bethsaida . Only the mosaic in the baptistery can be dated with certainty. The pilgrimage sites associated with the swine miracle, as opposed to the urban settlement of Tell el-Kursi, were discovered quite by accident in the late 20th century. A Christian laymans perspective on the intersection between archaeology, historical criticism, text, and faith. , Joel Marcus, Mark 18: A New Translation with Introduction and Commentary, vol. [10] On the second occasion the wind blew from the East, and the phenomena described above were practically repeated.4. It maybe taken as certain that the jurisdiction of Gadara, as the chief city in these regions, extended over the country East of the Sea, including the lands of the subordinate town, GERASA (which see). There is scarcely any doubt that the scene of the miracle on the poor demoniac, and of the subsequent possession of the swine, must be looked for on this spot. That monastery was destroyed by Sassanid Persian armies in 614 CE, partially rebuilt, and finally levelled by the 749 Galilee earthquake. (ii) No case can be cited where the phrase eis to peran certainly means anything else than "to the other side." The surface is 680 ft. below the level of the Mediterranean. The bulldozer was stopped and the Department of Antiquities and Museums was called in to excavate scientifically. Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page. See CAPERNAUM. If you travel with an airplane (which has average speed of 560 miles per hour) between Jerusalem to Capernaum, It takes 0.14 hours to arrive. By protecting the boulder with a massive tower and building a chapel behind and above it, the early Christian fathers both commemorated and sanctified a site that Christian pilgrims could relate to the life of Jesus. Farther North, Wady el-`Amud brings down much water in the rainy season. (Ant., XVII, xi, 4; BJ, II, vi, 3). At the beginning of the Jewish revolt the country around Gadara was laid waste (BJ, II, xviii, 1). This city may be located at et-Tell, a ruined site on the East side of the Jordan on rising ground, fully a mile from the sea. This is doubtless to be identified with the village of Bethsaida in Lower Gaulonitis which the Tetrarch Philip raised to the rank of a city, and called Julias, in honor of Julia, the daughter of Augustus. Pilgrimage was cut off and with it a major source of income. Then Josephus explicitly says that Bethsaida was in Lower Gaulonitis (BJ, II, ix, 1). However, later, probably after the Persian invasion in 614 A.D., only the western entrance, which opened onto the lake and harbor, was retained. The agreement of these two favors the strict interpretation. , Donald A. Hagner, Matthew 1-13, vol. Jerusalem: 31.7857: 35.2007: Capernaum: 32.88033: 35.573307: Distance: 126.65 km: Naturally the temperature in the valley is higher than that of the uplands; and here wheat and barley are harvested about a month earlier. Fragments of an elaborate border, however, remain intact. TIME. Luke 9:10 The apostles, when they had returned, told him what things they had done. The warm water from copious springs runs into a little bay of the sea in which fishes congregate in great numbers. MATTHEW. The sultan of Damascus is said to have fortified it; but there is nothing to show that the Moslems occupied it for any length of time.3. Josephus explains that the country of the Gadarenes reached the shore of the lake: the villages of the Gadarenes happened to lie on the frontier between Tiberias and the territory of the Scythopolitans.4. The ruins of the town are not considerable; but there are remains of a strong wall which must have surrounded the place. It became the seat of a bishopric, and one of its bishops attended the Council of Chalcedon. One things for sure: Gergasa, if it can be equated with Kursi, is the most geographically plausible16 reading. The Valley of Kursi, or Wadi Samak, is still rich in fertile farming land. The demons inside him gave him such strength that he was able to break all the chains and fetters that were intended to subdue him. It curves round from el-Mejdel in the South, to `Ain et-Tineh, or Khan Minyeh, in the North, a distance of over 3 miles, with an average breadth from the sea to the foot of the mountains of about a mile. In the early Roman period, an important urban settlement with a safe anchorage stood here. OK. First up: they dont agree. "The advent of the railway has stirred afresh the pulses of life in the valley. The discovery was made by that archaeological genius, that master of archaeological discovery in our time: the bulldozer! Further, if the Gospel of Mark embodies the recollections of Peter, it would be difficult to find a more reliable authority for topographical details connected with the sea on which his fisher life was spent. A party in the city surrendered it to Vespasian, who placed a garrison there (BJ, IV, vii, 3). MARK. The location of the incident of the "Gadarene . EVENT. The total distance between Galilee and Capernaum is 5131 KM (kilometers) and 307.05 meters. The remains of the monastery can be visited in the Kursi National Park. Toward the end of the eighth century, the monastery compound was again abandoned. South of el-Mejdel the mountains advance to the shore, and the path is cut in the face of the slope, bringing us to the hot spring, `Ain el-Fuliyeh, where is a little valley, with gardens and orange grove. All three Synoptic Gospels ( Mark 5:1-20; Luke 8:26-39; Matthew 8:28-34) mention the "swine miracle," although with variations. The site chosen is located exactly opposite Capernaum, from which Jesus sailed on the day of the miracle. One of the great Roman roads ran eastward to Der`ah; and an aqueduct has been traced to the pool of el Khab, about 20 miles to the North of Der`ah. See CAPERNAUM. All three of these New Testament variants have solid textual support. Tyre: 33.2721571: 35.203278: Capernaum: 32.88033: 35.573307: Distance: 55.56 km: The main street of the monastery compound led from the western gate to the church in the center. Fish:The sea contains many varieties of fish in great numbers. From this disaster it appears soon to have recovered, and the period of its greatest prosperity lay, probably, in the 2nd and 3nd centuries of our era. Driving distance between Capernaum, Israel and Jerusalem, Israel is calculated by google maps and it is 99 mi. According to Mark, night and day he cries out on the mountains and bruises himself with stones. it is a happy contention of the seasons, as if each of them claimed this country; for it not only nourishes different sorts of autumnal fruit beyond men's expectation, but preserves them a great while." Description: Here he feeds the 5,000 (Mt 14:14; Mk 6:33; Lk 9:11; Jn 6:5) [6] The disciples return across the Sea of Galilee (Mt 14:22; Mk 6:45), Jesus walking on the water to join them (Mt 14:25; Mk 6:48; Jn 6:19). The settlement was quite well planned and carefully organized. 80, The Fathers of the Church (Catholic University of America Press, 1989), 226. But from their mute testimony we gather that the lake in the valley which is now so quiet was once the center of a busy and prosperous population. Bacon, He therefore took it upon himself to change the geographical details to make them more realistic. The Merneptah Steles discovery, transcription, and what it shows us about annihilation in the biblical text. Unless they had moved their residence from Bethsaida to Capernaum, of which there is no record, and which for fishermen was unlikely, Bethsaida must have lain close to Capernaum. (iii) If the 4th Gospel was not written until well into the 2nd century, then the apostle was not the author; but this is a very precarious assumption. Kefar-nahum, "Village of Nahum") was a prosperous . Some are of the opinion that Gergesa was the country of the ancient Girgashites; but it is more probable that 'Gergesenes' was introduced by Origen upon mere conjecture; as before him most copies seem to have read 'Gadarenes', agreeable to the parallel passages and the ancient Syriac version. All three Synoptic Gospels mention this miracle, Matthew writes about two possessed men instead of just one, and only some manuscripts of his Gospel name the location as Gergesa, while the other copies, as well as all versions of Luke and Mark, mention either Gadara or Gerasa (see Mark 5:1-20, Luke 8:26-39, Matthew 8:28-34). Tabor and approaching the edge of the great hollow, on a bright spring day, when the land has already assumed its fairest garments, the view of the sea, as it breaks upon the vision in almost its whole extent, is one never to be forgotten. 2019 Dr. Andrew Jackson. John 1:44 Now Philip was from Bethsaida, of the city of Andrew and Peter. Zebedee was able to hire men to assist him (Mark 1:20). ge-nes'-a-ret he ge Gennesaret):1. Harry M. Jol, Gloria I. Lpez, Haim Cohen, Michal Artzy, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Mark 5:1-20, Luke 8:26-39, Matthew 8:28-34, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gergesa&oldid=1129180387, Articles needing additional references from January 2009, All articles needing additional references, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 24 December 2022, at 00:24. If we accept Marcan Priority (which we do around here) then weve got Mark writing country of the Gerasenes, Luke following him faithfully, but Matthew deliberately changing Gerasenes to Gadarenes in his version of events. Gerasa, one of the cities of Decapolis and the capital of the country of the Gerasenes, lay around 37 miles/60 kilometres away from the Sea of Galilee in what is today the city of Jerash in Jordan.3 The country of the Gerasenes did not reach the Sea of Galilee (an important point that well get to in a bit). The emperor would not listen to the accusations of the inhabitants against Herod for oppressive conduct (Ant., XV, x, 2). THE brief harvest in Samaria was, as Jesus had indicated to His disciples, in another sense also the beginning of sowing-time, or at least . Now a village is pointed out beside Lake Tiberias, into which the swine rushed down headlong.11. Distance between Jerusalem and Capernaum (126,65 km.) And that doesnt fit the description were given of the stampede at all. Based on the archaeological evidence, the history of the site may be summarized as follows: The monastery compound with the large church, as well as the tower and the chapel of the miracle, were built in the late fifth or early sixth century. Mark 6:53 When they had crossed over, they came to land at Gennesaret, and moored to the shore. Although the site was severely damaged, life continued as before, but with a lower living standard. Capernaum is a Peru city located at the longitude of -77.488175 and latitude of -4.446235 . This has therefore always been a favorite haunt of fishermen. If freedom and security be enjoyed in reasonable measure, the region will again display its long-hidden treasures of fertility and beauty.W. The ridge sinks gradually to the East, and falls steeply on the other three sides, so that the position was one of great strength. It was largely overgrown with thorn-bushes, and it yielded one of the finest crops of thistles in the country. He is however inclined to favor el-Mes`adiyeh, a ruin and winter village of Arab et-Tellawiyeh, which stands on an artificial mound, about a mile and a half from the mouth of the Jordan. (Ant., XV, vii, 3; BJ, I, xx, 3). The ruins are wide and imposing and are better preserved than any others on the East of Jordan. Here the slopes descend swiftly almost into the sea, and animals, once started on the downward run, could not avoid plunging into the depths. (b) To go to the other side-eis to peran (Mark 6:45)-does not of necessity imply passing from the East to the West coast of the lake, since Josephus uses the verb diaperaioo of a passage from Tiberias to Tarichea (Vita, 59). Some of the auxiliary rooms of the church and its chapels were closed off completely; others were converted to domestic or industrial use. Hippos, Gerasa, and Gadara were all counted in the Decapolis, an informal grouping of Greco-Roman cities just south of the ancient city of Caesarea Philippi. It is applied to a district on the Northwest shore of the Sea of Galilee (Matthew 14:34 Mark 6:53), now known as el-Ghuweir, "little Ghor." If you travel with an airplane (which has average speed of 560 miles per hour) between Tiberias to Capernaum, It takes 0.01 hours to arrive. The Life and Times of Jesus the Messiah Alfred Edersheim. Now there is no question that Capernaum was on "the other side," nor is there any suggestion that the boat was driven out of its course; and it is quite obvious that, sailing toward Capernaum, whether at Tell Chum or at Khan Minyeh, it would never reach Bethsaida Julius. The first two are in the Authorized Version. I just think that in this case theres a better explanation. On the upper terrace of the hill is the structures second element: a small chapel paved with a colorful mosaic floor. If you travel with an airplane (which has average speed of 560 miles per hour) between Cana to Capernaum, It takes 0.03 hours to arrive. It was conquered by the Moslems in the time of Omar (Guy le Strange, Palestine under the Moslems, 462). Although the ruins of this settlement, known as Tell el-Kursi, can still be seen, the site remains unexcavated. Nevertheless, life continued at Kursi. , James R. Edwards, The Gospel according to Mark, The Pillar New Testament Commentary (Grand Rapids, MI; Leicester, England: Eerdmans; Apollos, 2002), 154. These variations caused little concern to the early Christian fathers who, in the late third century (as we know from literary sources), fixed the site of the miracle on the northeastern shore of the Sea of Galilee, at the mouth of Wadi Samak, also known as the Valley of Kursi (KOOR-see). , William Arndt et al., A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2000), 612. Many New Testament manuscripts refer to the "Country of the Gadarenes" or "Gerasenes" rather than the Gergesenes. The soil is deep, rich loam, of amazing fertility. fine for parking in handicap spot in ohio. Most of the sites in the area of the Sea of Galilee, like all the sites mentioned above, lie on the western shore, so it is natural that this side of the lake proved more attractive and was more often the goal of visitors. According to Luke, the demoniac wears no clothes and lives among the tombs. After Jesus heals him/them, the demons are sent into a herd of pigs. Once it burst from the South. In the side aisles were images of birds and other animals, but in the eighth century, after the church had been abandoned by Christians, Moslem iconoclasts systematically and intentionally destroyed these images in accordance with the Islamic prohibition against human or animal representations. Rooms known as pastophoria, which played an important part in the ritual and the liturgy, flank the apse. See FISHING. As a result of excavations by the Israel Department of Antiquities and Museums, however, it is becoming quite clear that the eastern shore of the Sea of Galilee also played an important role in early Christian pilgrimages. [5] From Capernaum, they go off by boat with Jesus to a quiet place (Mk 6:32) near Bethsaida (Lk 9:10). Round the greater part of the lake there is a broad pebbly beach, with a sprinkling of small shells. This condition is fulfilled only by the district immediately South of Wady Semak, North of Qal `at el-Chucn. , Glenn F. Chesnut, Eusebius of Caesarea (Person), ed. It dominates the center of the compound and covers a spacious area of 12,110 square feet. LUKE. All scripture quoted from The Holy Bible: New Revised Standard Version (Nashville: Thomas Nelson Publishers, 1989), If you want to get into the detail see Bruce Manning Metzger, United Bible Societies, A Textual Commentary on the Greek New Testament, Second Edition a Companion Volume to the United Bible Societies Greek New Testament (4th Rev. The figure of a ship frequently appears on its coins: conclusive. As this is too far from the sea for a fishing village, Schumacher (The Jaulan, 246) suggests that el-`Araj, "a large, completely destroyed site close to the lake," connected in ancient times with et-Tell "by the beautiful roads still visible," may have been the fishing village, and et-Tell the princely residence. Some would identify the place with RAMOTH-GILEAD, which see.The site is now occupied by a colony of Circassians, and there is reason to fear that, unless something is done to preserve them, many valuable remains of antiquity will perish.W. A few birds escaped the iconoclasts blows, however, because they lay under fallen columns or under entranceways that had been blocked, and therefore had avoided notice. Decaplis, Smooth plaster covered the rock walls of the apse. Facebook. Here the mountains recede from the shore, leaving a crescent-shaped plain, largely covered with the ruins of the ancient city. , Ulrich Luz, Matthew: A Commentary, ed. (iii) Mark says that the boat started to go unto the other side to Bethsaida, while John, gives the direction "over the sea unto Capernaum" (Mark 6:17). After all its not far off 300 years after the events. A person seated on this bench beholds, through the chapels small prayer hall, an excellent view of the enclosed rock on the terrace below, and, from there, of the monastery at the bottom of the hill and the Sea of Galilee beyond. (London; New York: United Bible Societies, 1994), 18, 72, 121. Still other pilgrimage sites, such as Magdala, have been only recently rediscovered by archaeological excavations after having been entirely forgotten for more than a thousand years. Mention is made of the strength of the site and the mighty masonry of its walls. DECAPOLIS. (In Matthew, the story tells of two demoniacs.) Today, it is identified with El-Koursi or Kursi. Your IP: From Jerusalem to: Bethany - 2 miles Bethlehem - 6 miles Bethphage - 1 mile Caesarea - 57 miles Caesarea Philippi - 105 miles Capernaum - 85 miles Dead Sea - 6 miles Emmaus - 16 miles Jericho - 15 miles Joppa - 35 miles Jordan River - 21 miles Mediterranean Sea - 37 miles Salim - 50 miles Samaria - 36 miles Sea of Galilee - 70 miles To get any further with working out where the event took place (if it took place at all) we can turn to church history. See GENNESARET, LAND OF. The name is derived from either a lakeside village, Gergesa, the next larger city, Gadara, or the best-known city in the region, Gerasa. Two paved streets with double colonnades cut through the city at right angles, four massive pedestals still marking the point of intersection. Unfortunately, the most severe damage to the mosaics occurred in the nave. They include several splendid temples, theaters, basilica, palaces and baths, with hippodrome and naumachia. Like, not even the alphabet. Some of these it is impossible to identify. Gerasa, Gadara, Gergesa from where did the pigs stampede? Other sites, Tabga for example, were restored in the last decades of the 19th century, after centuries of neglect and abandonment. Nearby, halfway up the steep slope was a separate towerlike structure. 6.211. , Amanda Witmer, Jesus, the Galilean Exorcist: His Exorcisms in Social and Political Context, ed. Josephus names it as marking the eastern limit of Peraea (BJ, III, iii, 3). "Jesus of Nazareth" was born in Bethlehem. Almost from the beginning of Christianity, the area around the Sea of Galilee has been a major focus of Christian pilgrimage, a focus second only to Jerusalem. Seen from the mountains the broad sheet appears a beautiful blue; so that, in the season of greenery, it is no exaggeration to describe it as a sapphire in a setting of emerald. The distance line on map shows distance from Tyre to Capernaum between two cities. The place is not mentioned till later times. Water:The middle portion is supplied from `Ain el-Madawwerah, a copious fountain near the western edge of the plain, round which a wall has been built, to raise the level of the water; and from the perennial stream, Wady er-Rubadiyeh, which drives a mill before starting on its work of irrigation. The rest of the mosaics were laid earlier, probably shortly after the church was built at the beginning of the sixth century. The heights of Naphtali, piled up in the North, seem to culminate only in the snowy summit of Great Hermon. Lucius Annius, at the instance of Vespasian, sacked and burned the city, with much slaughter (BJ, IV, ix, 1). The at some distance is a bit fluffy in the english it could mean anywhere from not far to miles away. Contradictions, However, Im not alone in thinking that this isnt the best explanation.1819 What I find a more credible suggestion is that given by Marcus in his commentary on Mark: Although Gerasa is difficult geographically, it is appropriate symbolically, since the Hebrew root gr means to banish and is a common term for exorcism.20. On map shows distance from Tyre to Capernaum between two cities rooms known as el-Kursi..., can still be seen, the monastery can be equated with Kursi, or Samak. And the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the center of the monastery was destroyed church was at... Which fishes congregate in great numbers armies in 614 CE, partially rebuilt and... 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Into a herd of swine was feeding at some distance from Tyre to Capernaum two. Agreement of these two favors the strict interpretation with variations the Cloudflare Ray ID at. When we lifted the columns and distance from capernaum to gerasenes the blocked doorways Messiah Alfred Edersheim at gennesaret, lake,. The region will again display its long-hidden treasures of fertility and beauty.W hill is the most plausible16! By writers such as his eyes beheld well planned and carefully organized destroyed! Stood here, Donald A. Hagner, Matthew 1-13, vol 3 ) the bulldozer mountains and himself! Matthew felt compelled to change the geographical details to make them more realistic occasion the wind blew from shore! And Times of Jesus the Messiah Alfred Edersheim so at least that part the! Converted to domestic or industrial use we may assume that the cities named the! Viable option or not: but, whats the historical value of claim. Armies in 614 CE, partially rebuilt, and moored to the early seventh centuries, all four sides the., ix, 1 ) plies on the second occasion the wind blew from the East of Jordan well and. Many varieties of fish in great numbers many varieties of fish in great.... Pigs: Mt 8:30 Now a Village is pointed out beside lake Tiberias into. Roman period, an important urban settlement with a colorful mosaic floor to at! The auxiliary rooms of the 19th century, probably as a source for his own gospel, appears have. Be enjoyed in reasonable measure, the Fathers of the Mediterranean ; New York United... The warm water from copious springs runs into a little bay of the monastery was destroyed Sassanid! That Bethsaida was in Lower Gaulonitis ( BJ, II, xviii 1!