Brian Ervine said: "His contribution to the peace is incalculable and without him, probably the paramilitaries would still be at war. Call now: (562) 579-5980. [103], On 25 March 2022, the UVF was blamed[by whom?] The group is a proscribed organisation and is on the terrorist organisation list of the United Kingdom.[8]. His father was a Somme veteran who emigrated to Belfast after the war and became a member of the Orange Order. Progress is being made, inch by inch. Human error to blame for train crash - Greek PM, At the crash site of 'no hope' - BBC reporter in Greece. His conviction, which he always denied, has been referred to the Criminal Cases Review Commission by his family in light of new evidence being brought forward. [54] The number of killings in Northern Ireland had decreased from around 300 per year between 1973 and 1976 to just under 100 in the years 19771981. Six of the victims were abducted at random, then beaten and tortured before having their throats slashed. Read about our approach to external linking. Nicholas Vella, a 14-year veteran of the Huntington Beach Police . According to the Belfast Telegraph, "70 separate police intelligence reports implicating the north Belfast UVF man in dealing cannabis, Ecstasy, amphetamines and cocaine. He was the first RUC officer to be killed during the Troubles. Traduzioni in contesto per "divenuto cuore pulsante" in italiano-inglese da Reverso Context: Labirinto di mais: In via Amerigo Vespucci, a pochi passi da piazza Nember, sorge un terreno di ben 5 ettari divenuto cuore pulsante del divertimento tra mistero, intelligenza e creativit. One of the first UVF members to be convicted of murder, Spence was a senior figure in the organisation for over a decade. Entdecke Gareth Mulvenna - Mein Leben in Loyalitt - Neues Taschenbuch - C245A in groer Auswahl Vergleichen Angebote und Preise Online kaufen bei eBay Kostenlose Lieferung fr viele Artikel! [21] The shootings led to Spence's being sentenced to life imprisonment with a recommended minimum sentence of twenty years. Sinn Fin's Gerry Kelly claimed that while Spence had been central to the development of loyalist paramilitarism, "he will also be remembered as a major influence in drawing loyalism away from sectarian strife". [1] Spence, along with other Shankill Road loyalists, broke from Paisley in 1965 when they sided with Jim Kilfedder in a row that followed the latter's campaigns in Belfast West. Sociologist Steven Bruce described the support networks in Canada as "the main source of support for loyalism outside the United Kingdom . [42], Spence was increasingly disillusioned with the UVF and he imparted these views to fellow inmates at Long Kesh. The UVF carried out dozens of sectarian murderers and it was while he was serving a sentence in Long Kesh prison for his role in the murder of a Catholic that Mr Spence began to change his views about the use of violence. [55], However, a granddaughter of Matilda Gould, a 74-year-old Protestant widow who had died from burns sustained in the UVF's attempted bombing of a Catholic bar next door to her home, objected to Spence being called a "peacemaker" and described him as a "bad evil man". Mein Nisinta Seirbhse Poibl na hireann, Originally Published / Wednesday, 28 Sep 2011. Traduzioni in contesto per "ieri sono scese nelle strade" in italiano-inglese da Reverso Context: Decine di migliaia di persone ieri sono scese nelle strade di Atene, dando vita a uno sciopero generale che ha costretto la Grecia a fermarsi davanti alla protesta contro il piano di austerity imposto dall'UE, dalla Banca centrale europea di Francoforte e dall'FMI. It would attack the Republic again in May 1974, during the two-week Ulster Workers' Council strike. The 78-year-old died in hospital at the weekend after a long illness. He did not specify what activities or what was being resisted. Gusty Spence announced the loyalist paramilitary ceasefires in 1994, At the crash site of 'no hope' - BBC reporter in Greece. [140][141], In contrast to the IRA, overseas support for loyalist paramilitaries including the UVF has been limited. [20], In October 1966, Spence was sentenced to life imprisonment for the murder of Ward, although Spence has always claimed he was innocent. [citation needed] The arms were divided between the UVF, the UDA (the largest loyalist group) and Ulster Resistance.[61]. It would continue these tactics for the rest of its campaign. The Sunday World's offices were also firebombed. Flanked by his PUP colleagues Jim McDonald and William Plum Smith, as well as Ulster Democratic Party members Gary McMichael, John White and Davy Adams, Spence read out the statement from Fernhill a former Cunningham family home on their former Glencairn estate in Belfast's Glencairn area. As a lone piper led his funeral cortege through the area, the streets were lined by mourners. The group concluded a general acceptance of the need to decommission, though there was no conclusive proof of moves towards this end. Augustus Spence was born in a Protestant area of Belfast, not far from Shankill Road. Spence's biographer Roy Garland said he had formed unlikely relationships and challenged conventional loyalist thinking. In keeping with his wishes, there will be no UVF trappings and his coffin will be draped in the regimental flag of the Royal Ulster Rifles in which he served. [2] In 1978, Spence left the UVF altogether. [20], Since 1964 and the formation of the Campaign for Social Justice, there had been a growing civil rights campaign in Northern Ireland, seeking to highlight discrimination against Catholics by the unionist government of Northern Ireland. House of Commons: Northern Ireland Affairs Committee, Cusack & McDonald, p.3435, 105, 199, 205, The Lost Lives, David McKittrick, Page 1475, Last edited on 28 February 2023, at 06:47, Timeline of Ulster Volunteer Force actions, protests throughout Northern Ireland, some of which became violent, Provisional IRA campaign 1969-1997 Loyalists and the IRA killing and reprisals, Republic of Ireland national football team, Independent International Commission on Decommissioning, "Report drawn up on behalf of the Political Affairs Committee on the situation in Northern Ireland", https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TfGe4WO8yok, "Sutton Index of Deaths: Organisation responsible for the death", "Sutton Index of Deaths: Crosstabulations", "Inside the UVF: Money, murders and mayhem - the loyalist gang's secrets unveiled", "UVF mural on Shankill Road being investigated by police", "UVF 'behind racist attacks in south and east Belfast'", Chronology of Key Events in Irish History, 1800 to 1967, "Irish tighten security after Dublin bombing", "Call for probe of British link to 1974 bombs", "Collusion in the South Armagh / Mid Ulster Area in the mid-1970's". ", This page was last edited on 28 February 2023, at 06:47. He was jailed for life for the murder of a Catholic barman in 1966 and served 18 years in prison. Wright was apparently enraged by the nickname and made numerous threats to O'Hagan and Campbell. The Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF) is an Ulster loyalist paramilitary group. This was in retaliation for attacks on Loyalist homes the previous weekend and after a young girl was hit in the face with a brick by Republicans. CAIN also states that republicans killed 15 UVF members, some of whom are suspected to have been set up for assassination by their colleagues. "He was an Irishman and looked upon himself as an Ulster Irishman as well as being British. It set up a paramilitary-style wing called the Ulster Protestant Volunteers (UPV). Fifteen Catholic civilians were killed and seventeen wounded. Eleven years ago he was forced out of his home on the Shankill Road by Johnny Adair's gang during one of the many loyalist paramilitary feuds. There was to be much overlap in membership between the UCDC/UPV and the UVF.[22]. "Shortly after he was jailed, Gusty, after a period of reflection on his own life, quickly started to challenge other loyalists coming into prison to reflect on their own lives.". [51] The couple had three daughters, Elizabeth (born 1954), Sandra (1956) and Catherine (1960). [125] Historically, the number of active UVF members in July 1971 was stated by one source to be no more than 20. [54] This was endorsed by Gusty Spence, who issued a statement asking all UVF volunteers to support the new regime. The feud with the UDA ended in December following seven deaths. [29], On 12 October, a loyalist protest in the Shankill became violent. [21] Two days later, the Government of Northern Ireland declared the UVF illegal. Malcolm Sutton's Index of Deaths from the Conflict in Ireland, part of the Conflict Archive on the Internet (CAIN), states that the UVF and RHC was responsible for at least 485 killings during the Troubles, and lists a further 256 loyalist killings that have not yet been attributed to a particular group. Read about our approach to external linking. [85][86], On 2526 October 2010, the UVF was involved in rioting and disturbances in the Rathcoole area of Newtownabbey with UVF gunmen seen on the streets at the time. Gusty Spence Funeral RIP 21,778 views Nov 15, 2013 95 Dislike Share Save Elmwoodgrove 14 subscribers The Funeral at Craven Street Gusty said Some day The PUP will grow a set of Jaws And BITE. [21] Spence later wrote "At the time, the attitude was that if you couldn't get an IRA man you should shoot a Taig, he's your last resort". Augustus 'Gusty' Spence (born 28th June 1933) is a former leader of the Ulster Volunteer Force, Loyalist politician and soldier in the British Army. ", Patsy McGarry is Religious Affairs Correspondent of The Irish Times, Major emergency declared at Wexford General Hospital following fire, Detectives revisit scene where PSNI officer was shot, appealing for further information, Welsh minister launches Welsh language programme at Dublin Gaelscoil, Ferry operator floats idea of green lanes on Dublin-Holyhead route for goods bound for North, Dozens at Co Donegal firm exploited Covid-19 illness benefit payments, Sean Quinns former Dublin pub sold for 3.75m, Eleanor Catton on Jacinda Arderns pretty huge betrayal of young people in New Zealand, Im worried I ruined a strangers date night, Sharp decrease in number of asylum seekers arriving in Ireland recorded, Baby died after traumatic delivery into toilet at Rotunda, inquest hears, Manchester United come from behind to beat West Ham and set up quarter-final against Fulham, Arsenal put four goals past Everton to go five points clear at top of table, Willis return to Toulouse gives England and Borthwick a headache, Van Dijk and Salah on target to give Liverpool home win over Wolves, The Dry: A comedy about addiction thats all too easy to give up. Video, Record numbers of guide dog volunteers after BBC story, Harry and Meghan told to 'vacate' Frogmore Cottage, Rare Jurassic-era bug found at Arkansas Walmart, Dozens of girls treated after new Iran poisonings, Prince Andrew offered Frogmore Cottage - reports, China and Belarus call for peace in Ukraine, Beer and wine sales in Canada fall to all-time low, Man survives 31 days in jungle by eating worms, Havana Syndrome unlikely to have hostile cause - US. He was OC of the IRA in the Cavan area during the Border campaign in the late 1950s and early 1960s. In the 1960s, he founded the modern Ulster Volunteer Force, an organisation which was responsible for hundreds of sectarian murders during the Troubles. In line with Mr Spences wishes, his coffin was draped with the flag of the Royal Ulster Rifles, the British army regiment in which he served for six years before he joined the UVF in the 1960s. "While the talks may be slow, they are the only glint on the horizon, he said. [84] Eleven months later, a man was arrested and charged with the attempted murder of the UVF's alleged second-in-command Harry Stockman, described by the Belfast Telegraph as a "senior Loyalist figure". Hawara: 'What happened was horrific and barbaric'. Video, At the crash site of 'no hope' - BBC reporter in Greece, Record numbers of guide dog volunteers after BBC story. In keeping with his wishes,. [130], Prior to and after the onset of the Troubles the UVF carried out armed robberies. But despite the statement, the UVF was subsequently involved in sporadic violence, including several murders. The 78-year-old died in hospital at the weekend after a long illness. On 18 June 1994, UVF members machine-gunned a pub in the Loughinisland massacre in County Down, on the basis that its customers were watching the Republic of Ireland national football team playing in the World Cup on television and were therefore assumed to be Catholics. There are various credible[citation needed] allegations that elements of the British security forces colluded with the UVF in the bombings. [32] Spence gave his permission for UVF brigadier Billy Hanna to establish the UVF's Mid-Ulster Brigade in Lurgan. In 2007, he announced that the UVF and an associated group, the Red Hand Commando, would cease to exist in their previous form. He was jailed for life for the murder of a Catholic barman in 1966 and served 18 years in prison. [71], On 14 September 2005, following serious loyalist rioting during which dozens of shots were fired at riot police and the British Army the Northern Ireland Secretary Peter Hain announced that the British government no longer recognised the UVF ceasefire. The UVF's Mid-Ulster Brigade carried out further attacks during this same period. [29], On 12 August 1969, the "Battle of the Bogside" began in Derry. ][102] On 11 April, the UVF reportedly ordered the removal of Catholic families from a housing estate in Carrickfergus. During the riot, UVF members shot dead RUC officer Victor Arbuckle. Eight people were shot dead and hundreds were injured. According to Billy Mitchell, Spence quizzed him and others sent to the Maze about why they were there, seeking an ideological answer to his question. His hearse bore a floral tribute that spelt out the word Granda, while relatives who spoke at the funeral recalled personal memories of a family man. This development came soon after the UVF's Brigade Staff in Belfast had stood down Wright and the Portadown unit of the Mid-Ulster Brigade, on 2 August 1996, for the killing of a Catholic taxi driver near Lurgan during Drumcree disturbances. 28 September 2011 Gusty Spence announced the loyalist paramilitary ceasefires in 1994 Hundreds of mourners have attended the funeral of the former loyalist leader Gusty Spence. [98], On 23 March 2019, eleven alleged UVF members were arrested during a total of 14 searches conducted in Belfast, Newtownards and Comber and the suspects, aged between 22 and 48, were taken into police custody for questioning. The first Independent Monitoring Commission report in April 2004 described the UVF/RHC as "relatively small" with "a few hundred" active members "based mainly in the Belfast and immediately adjacent areas". [113] At other times, attacks on Catholic civilians were claimed as "retaliation" for IRA actions, since the IRA drew almost all of its support from the Catholic community. She is committed to explaining your options. They have been engaged in orchestrating violence on our streets, and it's very clear to me that they are engaged in an array of mafia-style activities. But despite the statement, the UVF was subsequently involved in sporadic violence, including several murders. [121][122] The UVF did not return to regular bombings until the early 1990s when it obtained a quantity of the mining explosive Powergel. [142] Its main benefactors have been in central Scotland,[143] Liverpool,[144] Preston[144] and the Toronto area of Canada. Veteran anti-UVF campaigner Raymond McCord, whose son, Raymond Jr., a Protestant, was beaten to death by UVF men in 1997, estimates the UVF has killed more than thirty people since its 1994 ceasefire, most of them Protestants. Augustus Andrew Spence (28 June 1933 [2] - 25 September 2011) was a leader of the paramilitary Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF) and a leading loyalist politician in Northern Ireland. [3] Spence was the sixth of seven children, their birth order being Billy, Cassie, Jim, Bobby, Ned junior, Gusty and Lily. The latter had formally asked Spence for his daughter's hand in marriage during a prison visit. (2006) "Neglected Intelligence: How the British Government Failed to Quell the Ulster Volunteer Force, 19121914. Save up to 70% with our image packs Pre-pay for multiple images and download on demand. The new Brigade Staff's aim was to carry out attacks against known republicans rather than Catholic civilians. At the same time, he distanced himself from any policy of random murders of Catholics. It was the UVF's deadliest attack in Northern Ireland, and the deadliest attack in Belfast during the Troubles. [57] In 1976, Tommy West was replaced with "Mr. F" who is alleged to be John "Bunter" Graham, who remains the incumbent Chief of Staff to date. In the 1960s, he founded the modern Ulster Volunteer Force, an organisation which was responsible for hundreds of sectarian murders during the Troubles. [21] Some unionists feared Irish nationalism and launched an opposing response in Northern Ireland. Explosives for the north were mostly shipped in small boats which set out at night from the Scottish coast and made contact at sea with vessels from Ulster ports." A man once involved in conflict. It used submachine guns, assault rifles, shotguns, pistols, grenades (including homemade grenades), incendiary bombs, booby trap bombs and car bombs. Some of them left much of Belfast without power and water. The Reverend Martin Smyth was influential in Spence' being thrown out the Orange Order. [47] Spence went on to become a leading advocate for the Good Friday Agreement. Read about our approach to external linking. "[56], His funeral service was held in St Michael's Church of Ireland on the Shankill Road. Spence was praised by, among others, PUP leader Brian Ervine, who stated that "his contribution to the peace is incalculable". [9] He was also associated loosely with prominent loyalists such as Ian Paisley and Desmond Boal and was advised by both men in 1959 when he launched a protest against Gerry Fitt at Belfast City Hall after Fitt had described Spence's regiment as "murderers" over allegations that they had killed civilians in Cyprus. During the service, mourners were told there is a campaign to have overturned the conviction for which Gusty Spence served a jail sentence, the killing of 18-year-old Belfast Catholic Peter Ward in 1966. [115] They always signed their statements with the fictitious name "Captain William Johnston". All were widely blamed on the IRA, and British soldiers were sent to guard installations. He was shot dead by the IRA in November 1982, four months after his release from the Maze Prison. [29] Unionist support for O'Neill waned, and on 28 April he resigned as Prime Minister. . Speaking from his home in Belfast last night, Mr Spence said he had become acquainted with Mr Lynch three or four years ago. [95][96], In October 2013, the policing board announced that the UVF was still heavily involved in gangsterism despite its ceasefire. [155], Billy Wright, the commander of the UVF Mid-Ulster Brigade, is believed to have started dealing drugs in 1991[156] as a lucrative sideline to paramilitary murder. [47] Beginning in 1975, recruitment to the UVF, which until then had been solely by invitation, was now left to the discretion of local units.[48]. Mr Lynch had many unionist friends, "some even politicians". However, following significant political pressure, the UVF claimed in 2007 that it was decommissioning its weapons. Berenice's Cremation & Burial Care offers qualified funeral services in La Habra, CA, 90631. Armed men hijacked a van on the nearby Shankill Road and forced the driver to take a device to a church on the Crumlin Road. Augustus Andrew Spence (28 June 1933[2] 25 September 2011) was a leader of the paramilitary Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF) and a leading loyalist politician in Northern Ireland. Colin Wallace, part of the intelligence apparatus of the British Army, asserted in an internal memo in 1975 that MI6 and RUC Special Branch formed a pseudo-gang within the UVF, designed to engage in violence and to subvert the tentative moves of some in the UVF towards the political process. In her address to the church congregation, Ms Purvis recalled how Mr Spence had been frank about his UVF role, but that he had often shocked loyalist contemporaries by his willingness to bring an end to conflict and build bridges between working class Protestants and Catholics. This collection contains Gusty Spence's personal and business correspondence from 1959-1998, the bulk of which was written during Spence's time in prison (1966-1984). [54] The UVF was behind the deaths of seven civilians in a series of attacks on 2 October. Afterwards a plot was concocted where his nephew Frankie Curry, also a UVF member, would drive Spence back to jail but the car would be stopped and Spence "kidnapped". Skip to navigation [n] Skip to content [c] Skip to footer [f] Search Search. Gusty Spence was a significant figure in loyalist Belfast for most of . It claimed the pubs were used for republican fundraising. The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. Two UVF members, Harris Boyle and Wesley Somerville, were accidentally killed by their own bomb while carrying out this attack. Mr Spence said last night he was an eternal optimist" where the present situation in the North was concerned. In 1984, the UVF attempted to kill the northern editor of the Sunday World, Jim Campbell after he had exposed the paramilitary activities of Mid-Ulster brigadier Robin Jackson. [2] He was sent to Crumlin Road Prison. Along with the UDA, it helped to enforce the strike by blocking roads, intimidating workers, and shutting any businesses that opened. [58], The UVF's nickname is "Blacknecks", derived from their uniform of black polo neck jumper, black trousers, black leather jacket, black forage cap, along with the UVF badge and belt. LocationLa Habra, CA 90631 EmailGet a free estimate Call(562) 579-5980. [38] This came to a climax on 4 December, when the UVF bombed McGurk's Bar, a Catholic-owned pub in Belfast. The Shankill loyalists supported Kilfedder and following his election as MP sent a letter to Paisley accusing him of treachery during the entire affair. In Belfast, loyalists responded by attacking nationalist districts. [83], The UVF was blamed for the shotgun killing of expelled RHC member Bobby Moffett on the Shankill Road on the afternoon of 28 May 2010, in front of passers-by including children. Human error to blame for train crash - Greek PM, At the crash site of 'no hope' - BBC reporter in Greece. [150] The Northern Ireland Affairs Select Committee noted in its report that "in 1992 it was estimated that Scottish support for the UDA and UVF might amount to 100,000 a year. [116], Like the Ulster Defence Association (UDA), the UVF's modus operandi involved assassinations, mass shootings, bombings and kidnappings. Another loyalist paramilitary organisation called Ulster Resistance was formed on 10 November 1986. Officers from the PSNI's Paramilitary Crime Task Force also seized drugs, cash and expensive cars and jewellery in an operation carried out against the criminal activities of the UVF crime gang. 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